Environmental Protection – ICAO at UNFCCC COP31

100+ Policies adopted or under development

SAF policy development by States continues worldwide. By September 2026, the ICAO SAF Policies Tracker counted more than 100 policies adopted or under development. 

Almost 600 SAF facilities

SAF production projects also continue to advance, with ICAO tracking almost 600 announced SAF facilities by September 2026, and various new projects announced across several regions, which could add up to 1.1 Mt of SAF production capacity globally. 

38 total number of ICAO ACT-SAF studies

Through the ICAO Assistance, Capacity-building and Training for Sustainable Aviation Fuels (ACT-SAF), we now have more than 280 partners as well as almost 40 ongoing and concluded ACT-SAF studies, with more to come. 

99%+ coverage

of annual international aviation CO₂ emissions reported by States

Since 2019, all ICAO Member States have been implementing the CORSIA Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system. Today, annual CO₂ emissions reporting by States and aircraft operators covers more than 99% of total annual CO₂ emissions from international flights, reflecting the robust implementation of CORSIA’s MRV.

Almost 90%

potential coverage of international aviation CO₂ emissions subject to offsetting requirements under CORSIA from 2027.

State participation in CORSIA has grown steadily, from 88 States in 2021 to 130 States in 2026 during the pilot and first phases, when routes subject to offsetting requirements are defined based on voluntary participation. With 134 States defining these routes at the start of CORSIA’s second phase in 2027, CO₂ emissions coverage under CORSIA will reach closer to 90% of international aviation emissions.

0.42 million tonnes

of CORSIA Eligible Fuels certified in 2025.

CORSIA allows aircraft operators to reduce their offsetting requirements by claiming emissions reductions from CORSIA Eligible Fuels (CEFs). Certified CEF volumes more than doubled between 2024 and 2025, from 0.18 to 0.42 million tonnes.

10 programmes

approved for CORSIA First Phase (2024–2026).

CORSIA Eligible Emissions Units (CEEUs) are carbon credits from those programmes approved by the ICAO Council, following recommendations from the ICAO Technical Advisory Body (TAB). Ten programmes are approved for the 2024–2026 period (CORSIA first phase); while four are currently approved for 2027–2029 (start of CORSIA second phase), with additional programmes potentially to be approved by the ICAO Council. Host country attestation (letters of authorization) are needed to avoid double counting and facilitate the availability of CEEUs for aeroplane operators.

16 support-providing States and 125 support-requesting States

under ICAO Assistance, Capacity-building and Training for CORSIA (ACT-CORSIA) Buddy Partnerships

Launched in July 2018, ACT-CORSIA brings together and coordinates capacity-building and assistance activities for CORSIA implementation. To date, ACT-CORSIA training and assistance activities have provided an effective mechanism for supporting States in implementing CORSIA and have contributed significantly to its effective implementation worldwide.