Tracking progress towards our net-zero climate goal

The ICAO website on environmental protection offers information on many topics concerning measures to reduce the impact of international civil aviation on the environment. Specifically on the reduction of CO2 emissions, ICAO has established a long-term aspirational goal (LTAG) of achieving net-zero CO2 emissions by 2050 in support of the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. The LTAG has to be achieved by applying in-sector measures in technology (fuel efficiency), operations and aviation cleaner energies.

The timeline for the development of the ICAO LTAG Report/Scenarios toward the LTAG agreement in 2022, as well as the development of LTAG Monitoring and Reporting (LMR) methodology by 2025 and its ongoing implementation is provided below. The technical work has been supported by ICAO’s Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP).

This webpage provides information on the ICAO LTAG Monitoring and Reporting (LMR) methodology, which was developed and approved in 2025 to assess the progress of international aviation towards the LTAG.

The ICAO LMR methodology aims to provide a clear, accurate and objective overview on the reduction of international aviation CO₂ emissions through the implementation of in-sector mitigation measures (technology, operations, fuels) that are critical in achieving the LTAG of net zero carbon emissions by 2050.

The main elements of the LMR methodology include:

• An assessment of actual historic CO₂ emissions and reductions achieved from past measures;
• An assessment of various future CO₂ emissions scenarios based on potential reductions from in-sector measures that represent a range of readiness and attainability levels;
• The cost to the aviation sector in mitigation measures that are required to achieve the LTAG in 2050;
• The impacts on the development of the sector (e.g. effect on demand from additional costs); and
• The cost on the aviation sector from the impacts of a changing climate.

The first LMR Progress Report, as a result of implementing the LMR methodology, is currently being developed by drawing on the latest best available data. It is due to be completed by the CAEP/14 meeting in early 2028 for subsequent review and approval by the ICAO Council and presentation to the ICAO Assembly in later 2028.

International aviation is the first sector with a long-term carbon goal at a global level, and with a carefully designed and approved methodology to track progress towards it.

LMR Knowledge Hub

Follow ICAO TV presentations and panel sessions on how progress towards the LTAG is being monitored.