Medium-Term Actions (2027-2029)
Objective: To enhance the resilience and efficiency of aviation operations by optimizing ground radio navigation infrastructure, introducing RFI detection capabilities and improving civil-military coordination in managing GNSS RFI
1. Resilient Navigation Operational Network (NAV RON)
led by Navigation Systems Panel (NSP)
Recognizing the increasing occurrences of GNSS RFI and the envisaged increase of air traffic volume and complexity, there is a need to evolve the navigation minimal operational network (NAV MON) aviation system block upgrade navigation systems (ASBU NAVS) element to better support States in their transition from providing minimum navigational service levels to more resilient navigational services, ensuring operational safety and continuity during disruptions such as those cause by GNSS RFI.
ICAO is developing a resilient navigation operational network (RON) concept to provide guidance to States towards achieving a sustainable, cost-effective and appropriately-sized navigation capabilities network through the optimized deployment of terrestrial navigation aids based on traffic density, operational requirements and aircraft capabilities. The RON concept aims to better utilize combinations of available conventional terrestrial navigation aids (VOR, DME, ILS, NDB) to support GNSS reversion during GNSS RFI and other disruption.
2. New Edition of the GNSS Manual (Doc 9849)
led by Navigation Systems Panel (NSP)
ICAO is developing additional material on GNSS RFI, with a particular focus on spoofing, for inclusion in the GNSS Manual. The updated edition is expected to be published in 2027.
3. New Edition of the Manual on Testing of Satellite-based Radio Navigation Systems (Doc 8071, VOl. II)
led by Navigation Systems Panel (NSP)
Developing further guidance on the detection, classification, localisation and resolution of GNSS RFI, new edition will be published in 2027.
4. New Edition of the PBN Manual (Doc 9613)
led by Flight Operations Panel (FLTOPS)
Updating the PBN Manual to the maximum extent practical to better address GNSS disruption and implement PBN when GNSS is not available. New edition will be published in 2027.
5. Onboard Monitoring Capability
led by Navigation Systems Panel (NSP)
Many stakeholders have expressed the need for improved situational awareness of GNSS RFI impacted areas, both on the flight deck and in the air traffic control room. Currently ICAO is developing a concept of operation to outline how RFI monitoring capabilities can better support operational decision-making by pilots and controllers. The goal is to help maintain safe and efficient air traffic management in an evolving GNSS RFI environment. In addition, the standardization of associated data exchange formats is also being considered.
6. Civil-Military coordination related to GNSS RFI
led by ATM Operations Panel (ATMOPSP)
In response to the AN-CONF/14 Recommendation 2.2/2(g), ICAO is developing guidance material on civil-military coordination in relation to harmful interference to GNSS originated or detected by military authorities. This action is expected to be completed in 2027.
7. Inclusion of GNSS RFI in Security Risk Assessment and update of Relevant Security Guidance Material
led by Aviation Cybersecurity Panel (CYPSECP) and Aviation Security Panel (AVSECP)
The AVSEC and Cyber Panels are advancing efforts to incorporate GNSS RFI–related scenarios into their assessment activities and to update relevant security guidance. This includes recognizing the impact of GNSS RFI as a key consideration in risk assessments, particularly for civil aviation operations conducted over or near conflict zones. These actions are expected to be completed in 2027.