Different mechanisms and practices have been used to prevent unlawful and anti-competitive behaviors. Bilateral co-operation has developed into an important tool by which competition authorities engage, among themselves, in a variety of enforcement and enforcement-related activities.
Bilateral co-operation in the field of competition law may be formal - on the basis of a competition-specific bilateral co-operation agreement or memoranda of understanding or informal - without the conclusion of an agreement.
Cooperation can take place between States, between regional groupings/organizations and States, and between two regional organizations.
